Rhinoplasty is a very important part of facial plastic surgery, which involves improving the shape of the nose, enhancing the beauty of the face and repairing functional defects. With the continuous advancement of plastic surgery technology, the methods of rhinoplasty are becoming more and more diversified to meet the personalized needs of different patients. This article will systematically introduce the common methods of rhinoplasty, analyze the characteristics, indications and postoperative effects of various technologies, and aim to provide a reference for clinicians and patients.
1. Classification of Rhinoplasty Surgery
Nose plastic surgery is mainly divided into three categories: autologous cartilage transplantation, prosthesis implantation and comprehensive soft and hard tissue remodeling. Depending on the specific condition of the patient's nose and the purpose of the surgery, the doctor will choose different surgical plans.
2. Autologous cartilage transplantation
Autologous cartilage transplantation uses the patient's own cartilage tissue to reshape the nose bridge. Commonly used cartilage sources include nasal septum cartilage, auricular cartilage and rib cartilage.
Septal cartilage transplantation
The nasal septum cartilage is the first choice material for nose bridge shaping because of its flatness, toughness and close relationship with the anatomical structure of the nose. It is suitable for mild to moderate nose bridge elevation and shape adjustment. It has few postoperative rejection reactions and low infection risks.
The disadvantage is that the amount of cartilage is limited, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of severely collapsed noses or major reconstruction.
Auricular cartilage transplantation
Auricular cartilage is soft and has a large curvature, which makes it suitable for modifying the details of the nose tip or nose wing. It can also be used as an auxiliary material for the bridge of the nose cartilage. Because the location of the material is hidden, the postoperative scar is not obvious.
The disadvantage is that the cartilage is too elastic and lacks support, so its effect is limited when used alone to support the bridge of the nose.
Costal cartilage transplantation
The rib cartilage is abundant and suitable for severe nose collapse and large-scale nose reconstruction. It has strong support and plasticity and can be carved into an ideal shape.
The disadvantages are that the sampling site is more traumatic, and there may be chest scars and cartilage bending (warping and deformation) problems, and close observation is required after the operation.
3. Prosthesis Implantation
Prosthetic implantation is the process of shaping the bridge of the nose by inserting artificial materials. Commonly used materials include silicone, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyethylene.
Silicone Implants
Silicone is widely used in clinical practice because of its stable texture, easy carving and good operability. The operation time is short and the postoperative morphology is relatively ideal.
The disadvantages are that complications such as prosthesis displacement, light translucency or skin redness are more common, and long-term implantation may lead to local tissue fibrosis or infection.
Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene prosthesis
Expanded materials have good tissue compatibility and can be closely integrated with surrounding tissues to reduce the risk of displacement. The porous structure on the surface helps tissue growth and increases fixation.
The disadvantages are that the operation requires high technical skills, postoperative infection is difficult to deal with, and removal is complicated.
Polyethylene prosthesis
Polyethylene prostheses have moderate hardness, are lightweight and have good biocompatibility. Compared with silicone, they are more durable and have a lower incidence of allergic reactions.
The disadvantage is that some patients may develop rejection reactions and need to be carefully observed after surgery.
4. Comprehensive soft and hard tissue remodeling technology
For complex nasal structural abnormalities or functional defects, comprehensive soft and hard tissue remodeling technology is combined with autologous cartilage and prosthetic materials to achieve dual improvements in morphology and function. During the operation, the cartilage material and prosthesis shape are adjusted according to individual differences to reconstruct the natural curve and height of the nose bridge.
In addition, soft tissue adjustments (such as nasal flap design, skin retraction, and soft tissue augmentation) enhance the overall effect and aesthetics of the surgery while maintaining the shape of the nose bridge.
5. Surgical method and incision selection
Common incisions for rhinoplasty are open incision and closed incision .
The open incision allows direct visualization of the surgical area, facilitating precise manipulation and complex reconstruction, and is suitable for major nose reshaping and repair surgeries.
The closed incision is hidden inside the nostril, causing little trauma and quick recovery, and is suitable for mild to moderate nose bridge adjustments.
The choice of incision depends on the complexity of the operation, the surgeon's experience, and the patient's needs.
6. Postoperative Care and Complications
After the operation, you should avoid bumping your nose and keep your head elevated to reduce swelling. The use of antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs can help prevent infection. Postoperative follow-up examinations are the key to ensuring the effectiveness of the surgery and early detection of complications.
Common complications include prosthesis displacement, infection, cartilage absorption, nasal bridge asymmetry and skin translucency. Different complications require individualized treatment measures, such as prosthesis adjustment, cartilage repair or secondary plastic surgery.
VII. Surgical Indications and Contraindications
Indications include collapsed nose bridge, flat nose bridge, unsightly nose shape and nasal dysfunction, etc. Contraindications mainly include severe systemic diseases, local infection, mental illness or unrealistic expectations for surgery.
Beauty Encyclopedia Tips:
There are various methods for nose bridge plastic surgery, and each technique has its scope of application and potential risks. The selection of an appropriate surgical plan should be based on the patient's individual anatomical characteristics and needs, and a personalized plan should be developed by a professional plastic surgeon. Sufficient preoperative communication and standardized postoperative care are the key to ensuring the safety and effectiveness of the operation. Patients should look at the results of the surgery rationally, avoid blindly pursuing changes, and aim to achieve a natural and harmonious aesthetic effect.